dumbbell, satellite or pyramid? Public disclosure of the most popular fund portfolio

With the advent of the stock market crash, there was a howl in the investor circle, but why is it difficult to escape the grassroots circle, which has always been known for its soundness? Reflect on whether the portfolio has planted a mine for you in advance.

Many rookies put all their money together because of the good returns of a certain fund, which is no less brave than hiding all their private money in one drawer. Eggs, do not put in one basket, is the eternal truth of the human world.

01 Stable foundation, starting from diversified configuration

In the unpredictable capital market game, if all the chips are put on one target, it is tantamount to magnifying the risk. Once the judgment is contrary to the market trend, the whole game will be lost. A sound base farm should allocate different kinds of funds. in other words, it is not appropriate for the people to invest too much in one variety, and we can spread the risk by establishing a fund portfolio.

But building a fund portfolio is not as simple as buying a little bit for all kinds of funds. We should choose the fund product portfolio according to our own investment characteristics (including economic strength, investment objectives and risk tolerance, etc.), and we need to balance the investment proportion of each type of fund reasonably according to the risk and return. At the same time, when there is a significant adjustment in the market, the portfolio should be adjusted in time to maximize the return on investment.

02 Dumbbell, satellite or pyramid? Pick suits your model

Through the integration of countless people's blood-filled and tearful investment experience, there are three types of fund portfolios that are widely accepted, namely, dumbbell, core satellite and pyramid.

Dumbbell type

As one of the more mature investment models in the world, dumbbell investment method is widely used in all kinds of assets. Its core idea is to invest in two kinds of products with great contrast in style at the same time, in order to take into account growth and value, periodicity and defense.

The practice of dumbbell model in fund investment is to select two kinds of funds with different risk characteristics, such as "stock base + debt base", "large-cap fund + small-cap fund", "value fund + growth fund" and so on.

This investment model is very simple and easy to manage. Through the two-hand configuration to achieve complementary advantages between products, but also spread the risk of a single asset, and effectively avoid the losses caused by market fluctuations.

Pyramid type

In fact, many investors inadvertently use the pyramid investment model when building fund portfolios, that is, most of the funds are allocated in low-risk products and a small amount of high-yield products.

As the cornerstone of the bottom, sound varieties such as debt base and cargo base provide a solid foundation for the pyramid; the middle level can allocate some mixed funds and index funds with moderate risk; as spires, a small amount of money can be invested in high-yielding stock bases. if you make money, everyone will be happy, and losses will not affect the stability of the entire portfolio income.

"Core + Satellite combination" (Core-satellite Strategy)

This strategy first appeared in the 1990s and has become one of the mainstream strategies of asset allocation in mature markets. The simple understanding is that the funds are divided into two parts, most of which are placed in the "core" and the remaining funds are put into the "satellite". There is only one core, but there can be many satellites.

The "core" part usually selects funds with excellent medium-and long-term performance and relatively sound performance, which play a decisive role in protecting the income and safety of the entire portfolio, while "satellite" can choose products with medium-to-high risk or outstanding short-term performance. To dig for gold in the broader capital market to bring a surprise to the portfolio. This kind of star-studded investmentThe strategy not only achieves the balance among investment security, income stability and loss risk, but also meets the needs of flexible allocation of investors.

03 How to build an efficient combination? Grasp the five principles

Can you hand in the papers just by mastering these three fund portfolio models? Of course not. There is still a lot of knowledge in building fund portfolios. In order to build an efficient combination, you should first grasp the following principles.

First, build a portfolio that matches the investment goal.The main purpose of the fund portfolio is to achieve the target return and reduce the risk at the same time. If you want to get a higher return, then the product base that has been configured in the combination is not appropriate.

Second, show a variety of style characteristics.For example, if we choose growth and value products with obvious differences in risk and return at the same time, if the style of the selected fund is highly consistent, then it will not play a role in reducing the risk.

Third, disperse the risk of concentrated investment.When building fund products, we should not only disperse the risks brought by a single variety, but also avoid the misjudgment of a single fund company on the market. Therefore, in addition to configuring different types of products, we should also consider selecting a number of fund companies.

Fourth, diversification is not equal to sea investment, and the target of investment should not be too much.You can't put eggs in one basket, but you can't put them in too many baskets either. Many rookies mistakenly think that casting a net in an all-round way can spread the risk to a greater extent, but the "hodgepodge" will increase the costs of various procedures and are difficult to track, and the risks brought by excessive diversification should not be underestimated.

Fifth, adjust the combination at the right time.Although there is no need to adjust the fund portfolio frequently, when there is a major change in the fundamentals of the market or the investment style of the fund, or when your risk-return orientation changes, you should consider whether to change allocation. Timely adjustment can meet the established expected return and the purpose of risk diversification.

Conclusion

To build an efficient fund portfolio, to a large extent, once again spread the investment risk. In addition to these three types of strategies introduced by Niuniu, you can also slowly explore a combination that is really suitable for you in actual combat to help you maximize benefits and minimize risks.